Regarding: Use Sumif to Complete the Database Sheet

Hi M.S.M, Thanks for reaching out! To answer your questions:

1. It is ok, of course. But still, it would be better if you have some context regarding these issues.

P&L calculations boil down to assigning P&L categories to smaller groups of items. What we're doing is subtracting costs from revenues to arrive at net income. We add a minus sign in front of SUMIF to see costs as negative (because we subtract them) and revenue as positive (the accounting software gave us the figures in a reversed way - positive costs and negative revenues, which is confusing). When summed, the values in each column (if we don't take the net income value in consideration) should give us net income. We also have net income which is already reported by the accounting software. If we add a minus sign in front of it, we would simply have net income (from the some of all other items) - net income = 0. 2. When you sum numbers you should always use SUMIF to protect yourself from mistakes. VLOOKUP might duplicate one of your results (if the code you're using is found twice in the lookup column). With SUMIF, you'll be able to avoid this issue. Hope this helps! Best, Ned